Law Enforcement and Intelligence Gathering

While the reality of intelligence gathering isn't always as thrilling as popular spy novels and films make it seem, modern intelligence gathering operations are ample and a crucial part of diplomacy and military operations. This in-depth guide covers the nature and intriguing history of intelligence gathering. The types and sources of intelligence are presented thoroughly alongside important historical examples of spy operations or technologies used in the spy game. The text also provides a comprehensive guide to the world's most notable national intelligence systems, including those of the United States, the United Kingdom, and Russia.

Computers have become vital for police work in the twenty-first century. Applications explored in this compelling volume include the capability of searching extensive, internationally synchronized criminal information databases; plotting crime incidents and patterns to anticipate and prevent recurrences; interrogating criminal suspects and persons of interest; and identifying suspects by using such innovations as biometrics. New technology has equipped police forces to conduct more effective audio and visual surveillance. Police organizations employ forensic scientists and specialists such as toxicologists, serologists, botanists, and handwriting examiners to help resolve investigations. Advances in police mobility, communications, and modern weaponry are also described.

The history of policing dates back to antiquity, when great civilizations such as Egypt, Greece, and Rome developed the first systems to enforce public order. In the time since, countries have developed modern, efficient, and professional police forces to help catch criminals and impose order in the streets. This guide covers the history and development of policing activity, complementing the story of law enforcement with discussions of the theorists and lawmakers who most influenced its evolution. The text also focuses on the two greatest crises faced by law enforcement today: the rise of terrorism and tensions with racial minorities.

Police officers typically are responsible for maintaining public order and safety, enforcing the law, and preventing, detecting, and investigating criminal activities. Police may also perform licensing and regulatory duties. This resource examines the role of police at various levels of society, from small communities to state and national jurisdictions. It addresses the concept of due process and the relationship between police and court systems. It considers controversial issues such as police activities involving minorities and responses to protests and riots. It concludes with discussions of the involvement of police in national security and of international police organizations such as Interpol.