Dover Books on Mathematics
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Challenging Mathematical Problems With Elementary Solutions, Volume I
by A. M. Yaglom
Part 1 of the Dover Books on Mathematics series
Volume I of a two-part series, this book features a broad spectrum of 100 challenging problems related to probability theory and combinatorial analysis. The problems, most of which can be solved with elementary mathematics, range from relatively simple to extremely difficult. Suitable for students, teachers, and any lover of mathematics. Complete solutions.
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Introduction to Differentiable Manifolds
by Louis Auslander
Part of the Dover Books on Mathematics series
This text presents basic concepts in the modern approach to differential geometry. Topics include Euclidean spaces, submanifolds, and abstract manifolds; fundamental concepts of Lie theory; fiber bundles; and multilinear algebra. 1963 edition.
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Invariant Subspaces
by Heydar Radjavi
Part of the Dover Books on Mathematics series
Broad survey focuses on operators on separable Hilbert spaces. Topics include normal operators, analytic functions of operators, shift operators, invariant subspace lattices, compact operators, invariant and hyperinvariant subspaces, more. 1973 edition.
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Levels of Infinity
Selected Writings On Mathematics And Philosophy
by Hermann Weyl
Part of the Dover Books on Mathematics series
Original anthology features less-technical essays discussing logic, topology, abstract algebra, relativity theory, and the works of David Hilbert. Most have been long unavailable or previously unpublished in book form. 2012 edition.
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Foundations of Stochastic Analysis
by M. M. Rao
Part of the Dover Books on Mathematics series
This volume considers fundamental theories and contrasts the natural interplay between real and abstract methods. No prior knowledge of probability is assumed. Numerous problems, most with hints. 1981 edition.
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The Convolution Transform
by Isidore Isaac Hirschman
Part of the Dover Books on Mathematics series
The relation between differential operators and integral transforms is the theme of this work. Discusses finite and non-finite kernels, variation diminishing transforms, asymptotic behavior of kernels, real inversion theory, representation theory, the Weierstrass transform, more.
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Interpolation
by J. F. Steffensen
Part of the Dover Books on Mathematics series
In the mathematical subfield of numerical analysis, interpolation is a procedure that assists in "reading between the lines." Topics include displacement symbols and differences, divided differences, formulas of interpolation, much more. 1950 edition.
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Introduction to Combinatorial Analysis
by John Riordan
Part of the Dover Books on Mathematics series
This introduction to combinatorial analysis defines the subject as "the number of ways there are of doing some well-defined operation." Chapter 1 surveys that part of the theory of permutations and combinations that finds a place in books on elementary algebra, which leads to the extended treatment of generation functions in Chapter 2, where an important result is the introduction of a set of multivariable polynomials. Chapter 3 contains an extended treatment of the principle of inclusion and exclusion which is indispensable to the enumeration of permutations with restricted position given in Chapters 7 and 8. Chapter 4 examines the enumeration of permutations in cyclic representation and Chapter 5 surveys the theory of distributions. Chapter 6 considers partitions, compositions, and the enumeration of trees and linear graphs. Each chapter includes a lengthy problem section, intended to develop the text and to aid the reader. These problems assume a certain amount of mathematical maturity. Equations, theorems, sections, examples, and problems are numbered consecutively in each chapter and are referred to by these numbers in other chapters.
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The Solution of Equations in Integers
by A. O. Gelfond
Part of the Dover Books on Mathematics series
From Pythagoras to Fermat, Euler, and latter-day thinkers, mathematicians have puzzled over the determination of integral solutions of algebraic equations with integral coefficients and with more than one unknown. This text by A. O. Gelfond, an internationally renowned leader in the study of this area, offers a relatively elementary exploration of one of the most challenging problems in number theory. Since equations in integers are encountered in issues related to physics and engineering, the solution of these equations is a matter of practical applications. Nevertheless, the theoretical interest in equations in integers is also worth pursuing because these equations are closely connected with many problems in number theory. This volume's coverage of basic theoretical aspects of such equations promises to widen the horizons of readers from advanced high school students to undergraduate majors in mathematics, physics, and engineering.
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Summation of Infinitely Small Quantities
by I. P. Natanson
Part of the Dover Books on Mathematics series
Translated and adapted from a popular Russian educational series, this concise book requires only some background in high school algebra and elementary trigonometry. It explores the fundamental concept of the integral calculus: the limit of the sum of an infinitely increasing number of infinitely decreasing quantities. Mastery of this concept enables the solution of geometry and physics problems, and is an excellent introduction to the systematic study of higher mathematics.
Starting with some algebraic formulas, the treatment proceeds to the determination of the pressure of a liquid on a vertical wall and the calculation of the work done in pumping liquid from a container. Subsequent chapters explore finding the volumes of a cone, pyramid, sphere, and other geometric forms and the measurement of the parabola, ellipse, and sinusoid. The text concludes with a selection of practice problems.
For advanced high school students and college undergraduates.
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Algebraic Equations
An Introduction to the Theories of Lagrange and Galois
by Edgar Dehn
Part of the Dover Books on Mathematics series
Meticulous and complete, this presentation of Galois' theory of algebraic equations is geared toward upper-level undergraduate and graduate students. The theories of both Lagrange and Galois are developed in logical rather than historical form. And they are given a more thorough exposition than is customary. For this reason, and also because the author concentrates on concrete applications of algebraic theory, Algebraic Equations is an excellent supplementary text, offering students a concrete introduction to the abstract principles of Galois theory. Of further value are the many numerical examples throughout the book, which appear with complete solutions. A third of the text focuses on the basic ideas of algebraic theory, giving detailed explanations of integral functions, permutations, and groups. in addition to a very clear exposition of the symmetric group and its functions. A study of the theory of Lagrange follows. Using Lagrange's solvent as a basis for the solution of the general quadratic, cubic, and biquadratic equations. After a discussion of various groups (including isomorphic, transitive, and Abelian groups), a detailed study of Galois theory covers the properties of the Galoisian function, resolvent. and group, the general equation, reductions of the group, natural irrationality. and other features. The book concludes with the application of Galoisian theory to the solution of such special equations as Abelian, cyclic, metacyclic, and quintic equations.
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The Qualitative Theory of Ordinary Differential Equations
An Introduction
by Fred Brauer
Part of the Dover Books on Mathematics series
This highly regarded text presents a self-contained introduction to some important aspects of modern qualitative theory for ordinary differential equations. It is accessible to any student of physical sciences, mathematics or engineering who has a good knowledge of calculus and of the elements of linear algebra. In addition, algebraic results are stated as needed; the less familiar ones are proved either in the text or in appendixes. The topics covered in the first three chapters are the standard theorems concerning linear systems, existence and uniqueness of solutions, and dependence on parameters. The next three chapters, the heart of the book, deal with stability theory and some applications, such as oscillation phenomena, self-excited oscillations and the regulator problem of Lurie. One of the special features of this work is its abundance of exercises-routine computations, completions of mathematical arguments, extensions of theorems and applications to physical problems. Moreover, they are found in the body of the text where they naturally occur, offering students substantial aid in understanding the ideas and concepts discussed. The level is intended for students ranging from juniors to first-year graduate students in mathematics, physics or engineering; however, the book is also ideal for a one-semester undergraduate course in ordinary differential equations, or for engineers in need of a course in state space methods.
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Introduction to Analysis
by Maxwell Rosenlicht
Part of the Dover Books on Mathematics series
Written for junior and senior undergraduates, this remarkably clear and accessible treatment covers set theory, the real number system, metric spaces, continuous functions, Riemann integration, multiple integrals, and more. Rigorous and carefully presented, the text assumes a year of calculus and features problems at the end of each chapter. 1968 edition.
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Number Theory and Its History
by Oystein Ore
Part of the Dover Books on Mathematics series
A prominent mathematician presents the principal ideas and methods of number theory within a historical and cultural framework. Oystein Ore's fascinating, accessible treatment requires only a basic knowledge of algebra. Topics include prime numbers, the Aliquot parts, linear indeterminate problems, congruences, Euler's theorem, classical construction problems, and many other subjects.
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The General Theory of Dirichlet's Series
by G. H. Hardy
Part of the Dover Books on Mathematics series
This classic work explains the theory and formulas behind Dirichlet's series and offers the first systematic account of Riesz's theory of the summation of series by typical means. Its authors rank among the most distinguished mathematicians of the twentieth century: G. H. Hardy is famous for his achievements in number theory and mathematical analysis, and Marcel Riesz's interests ranged from functional analysis to partial differential equations, mathematical physics, number theory, and algebra. Following an introduction, the authors proceed to a discussion of the elementary theory of the convergence of Dirichlet's series, followed by a look at the formula for the sum of the coefficients of a Dirichlet's series in terms of the order of the function represented by the series. They continue with an examination of the summation of series by typical means and of general arithmetic theorems concerning typical means. After a survey of Abelian and Tauberian theorems and of further developments of the theory of functions represented by Dirichlet's series, the text concludes with an exploration of the multiplication of Dirichlet's series.
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Shape Theory
Categorical Methods of Approximation
by J. M. Cordier
Part of the Dover Books on Mathematics series
This in-depth treatment uses shape theory as a "case study" to illustrate situations common to many areas of mathematics, including the use of archetypal models as a basis for systems of approximations. It offers students a unified and consolidated presentation of extensive research from category theory, shape theory, and the study of topological algebras. A short introduction to geometric shape explains specifics of the construction of the shape category and relates it to an abstract definition of shape theory. Upon returning to the geometric base, the text considers simplical complexes and numerable covers, in addition to Morita's form of shape theory. Subsequent chapters explore Bénabou's theory of distributors, the theory of exact squares, Kan extensions, the notion of a stable object, and stability in an Abelian context. The text concludes with a brief description of derived functors of the limit functor theory-the concept that leads to movability and strong movability of systems-and illustrations of the equivalence of strong movability and stability in many contexts.
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Algebraic Theory of Numbers
Translated from the French by Allan J. Silberger
by Pierre Samuel
Part of the Dover Books on Mathematics series
Algebraic number theory introduces students not only to new algebraic notions but also to related concepts: groups, rings, fields, ideals, quotient rings and quotient fields, homomorphisms and isomorphisms, modules, and vector spaces. Author Pierre Samuel notes that students benefit from their studies of algebraic number theory by encountering many concepts fundamental to other branches of mathematics-algebraic geometry, in particular. This book assumes a knowledge of basic algebra but supplements its teachings with brief, clear explanations of integrality, algebraic extensions of fields, Galois theory, Noetherian rings and modules, and rings of fractions. It covers the basics, starting with the divisibility theory in principal ideal domains and ending with the unit theorem, finiteness of the class number, and the more elementary theorems of Hilbert ramification theory. Numerous examples, applications, and exercises appear throughout the text.
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Individual Choice Behavior
A Theoretical Analysis
by R. Duncan Luce
Part of the Dover Books on Mathematics series
This influential treatise presents upper-level undergraduates and graduate students with a mathematical analysis of choice behavior. It begins with the statement of a general axiom upon which the rest of the book rests; the following three chapters, which may be read independently of each other, are devoted to applications of the theory to substantive problems: psychophysics, utility, and learning. Applications to psychophysics include considerations of time- and space-order effects, the Fechnerian assumption, the power law and its relation to discrimination data, interaction of continua, discriminal processes, signal detectability theory, and ranking of stimuli. The next major theme, utility theory, features unusual results that suggest an experiment to test the theory. The final chapters explore learning-related topics, analyzing the stochastic theories of learning as the basic approach-with the exception that distributions of response strengths are assumed to be transformed rather than response probabilities. The author arrives at three classes of learning operators, both linear and nonlinear, and the text concludes with a useful series of appendixes.
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Introduction to Minimax
by V. F. Dem'yanov
Part of the Dover Books on Mathematics series
This user-friendly text offers a thorough introduction to the part of optimization theory that lies between approximation theory and mathematical programming, both linear and nonlinear. Written by two distinguished mathematicians, the expert treatment covers the essentials, incorporating important background materials, examples, and extensive notes. Geared toward advanced undergraduate and graduate students of mathematical programming, the text explores best approximation by algebraic polynomials in both discrete and continuous cases; the discrete problem, with and without constraints; the generalized problem of nonlinear programming; and the continuous minimax problem. Several appendixes discuss algebraic interpolation, convex sets and functions, and other topics. 1974 edition.
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Infinite Sequences and Series
by Konrad Knopp
Part of the Dover Books on Mathematics series
One of the finest expositors in the field of modern mathematics, Dr. Konrad Knopp here concentrates on a topic that is of particular interest to 20th-century mathematicians and students. He develops the theory of infinite sequences and series from its beginnings to a point where the reader will be in a position to investigate more advanced stages on his own. The foundations of the theory are therefore presented with special care, while the developmental aspects are limited by the scope and purpose of the book. All definitions are clearly stated; all theorems are proved with enough detail to make them readily comprehensible. The author begins with the construction of the system of real and complex numbers, covering such fundamental concepts as sets of numbers and functions of real and complex variables. In the treatment of sequences and series that follows, he covers arbitrary and null sequences; sequences and sets of numbers; convergence and divergence; Cauchy's limit theorem; main tests for sequences; and infinite series. Chapter three deals with main tests for infinite series and operating with convergent series. Chapters four and five explain power series and the development of the theory of convergence, while chapter six treats expansion of the elementary functions. The book concludes with a discussion of numerical and closed evaluation of series.
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The Philosophy of Set Theory
An Historical Introduction to Cantor's Paradise
by Mary Tiles
Part of the Dover Books on Mathematics series
This volume offers a guided tour of modern mathematics' Garden of Eden, beginning with perspectives on the finite universe and classes and Aristotelian logic. Author Mary Tiles further examines permutations, combinations, and infinite cardinalities; numbering the continuum; Cantor's transfinite paradise; axiomatic set theory, and more. Includes 32 figures.
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Theory of Functions, Parts I and II
by Konrad Knopp
Part of the Dover Books on Mathematics series
Two volumes of a classic 5-volume work in one handy edition. Part I considers general foundations of the theory of functions; Part II stresses special functions and characteristic, important types of functions, selected from single-valued and multiple-valued classes. Demonstrations are full and proofs given in detail. Introduction. Bibliographies.
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Advanced Calculus
An Introduction to Classical Analysis
by Louis Brand
Part of the Dover Books on Mathematics series
A course in analysis that focuses on the functions of a real variable, this text is geared toward upper-level undergraduate students. It introduces the basic concepts in their simplest setting and illustrates its teachings with numerous examples, practical theorems, and coherent proofs. Starting with the structure of the system of real and complex numbers, the text deals at length with the convergence of sequences and series and explores the functions of a real variable and of several variables. Subsequent chapters offer a brief and self-contained introduction to vectors that covers important aspects, including gradients, divergence, and rotation. An entire chapter is devoted to the reversal of order in limiting processes, and the treatment concludes with an examination of Fourier series.
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Sets, Sequences and Mappings
The Basic Concepts of Analysis
by Kenneth Anderson
Part of the Dover Books on Mathematics series
Students progressing to advanced calculus are frequently confounded by the dramatic shift from mechanical to theoretical and from concrete to abstract. This text bridges the gap, offering a systematic development of the real number system and careful treatment of mappings, sequences, limits, continuity, and metric spaces. The first five chapters consist of a systematic development of many of the important properties of the real number system, plus detailed treatment of such concepts as mappings, sequences, limits, and continuity. The sixth and final chapter discusses metric spaces and generalizes many of the earlier concepts and results involving arbitrary metric spaces. An index of axioms and key theorems appears at the end of the book, and more than 300 problems amplify and supplement the material within the text. Geared toward students who have taken several semesters of basic calculus, this volume is an ideal prerequisite for mathematics majors preparing for a two-semester course in advanced calculus.
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Basic Algebra II
by Nathan Jacobson
Part of the Dover Books on Mathematics series
A classic text and standard reference for a generation, this volume and its companion are the work of an expert algebraist who taught at Yale for more than three decades. Nathan Jacobson's books possess a conceptual and theoretical orientation; in addition to their value as classroom texts, they serve as valuable references. Volume II comprises all of the subjects usually covered in a first-year graduate course in algebra. Topics include categories, universal algebra, modules, basic structure theory of rings, classical representation theory of finite groups, elements of homological algebra with applications, commutative ideal theory, and formally real fields. In addition to the immediate introduction and constant use of categories and functors, it revisits many topics from Volume I with greater depth and sophistication. Exercises appear throughout the text, along with insightful, carefully explained proofs.
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The Absolute Differential Calculus (Calculus of Tensors)
by Tullio Levi-Civita
Part of the Dover Books on Mathematics series
Written by a towering figure of twentieth-century mathematics, this classic examines the mathematical background necessary for a grasp of relativity theory. Tullio Levi-Civita provides a thorough treatment of the introductory theories that form the basis for discussions of fundamental quadratic forms and absolute differential calculus, and he further explores physical applications. Part one opens with considerations of functional determinants and matrices, advancing to systems of total differential equations, linear partial differential equations, algebraic foundations, and a geometrical introduction to theory. The second part addresses covariant differentiation, curvature-related Riemann's symbols and properties, differential quadratic forms of classes zero and one, and intrinsic geometry. The final section focuses on physical applications, covering gravitational equations and general relativity.
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Regular Polytopes
by H. S. M. Coxeter
Part of the Dover Books on Mathematics series
Foremost book available on polytopes, incorporating ancient Greek and most modern work done on them. Beginning with polygons and polyhedrons, the book moves on to multi-dimensional polytopes in a way that anyone with a basic knowledge of geometry and trigonometry can easily understand. Definitions of symbols. Eight tables plus many diagrams and examples. 1963 edition.
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The Variational Theory of Geodesics
by M. M. Postnikov
Part of the Dover Books on Mathematics series
Riemannian geometry is a fundamental area of modern mathematics and is important to the study of relativity. Within the larger context of Riemannian mathematics, the active subdiscipline of geodesics (shortest paths) in Riemannian spaces is of particular significance. This compact and self-contained text by a noted theorist presents the essentials of modern differential geometry as well as basic tools for the study of Morse theory. The advanced treatment emphasizes analytical rather than topological aspects of Morse theory and requires a solid background in calculus.
Suitable for advanced undergraduates and graduate students of mathematics, the text opens with a chapter on smooth manifolds, followed by a consideration of spaces of affine connection. Subsequent chapters explore Riemannian spaces and offer an extensive treatment of the variational properties of geodesics and auxiliary theorems and matters.
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Invariant Manifold Theory for Hydrodynamic Transition
by S. S. Sritharan
Part of the Dover Books on Mathematics series
Invariant manifold theory serves as a link between dynamical systems theory and turbulence phenomena. This volume consists of research notes by author S. S. Sritharan that develop a theory for the Navier-Stokes equations in bounded and certain unbounded geometries. The main results include spectral theorems and analyticity theorems for semigroups and invariant manifolds. The treatment is suitable for researchers and graduate students in the areas of chaos and turbulence theory, hydrodynamic stability, dynamical systems, partial differential equations, and control theory. Topics include the governing equations and the functional framework, the linearized operator and its spectral properties, the monodromy operator and its properties, the nonlinear hydrodynamic semigroup, invariant cone theorem, and invariant manifold theorem. Two helpful appendixes conclude the text.
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Real Analysis
by Edward James McShane
Part of the Dover Books on Mathematics series
This text offers upper-level undergraduates and graduate students a survey of practical elements of real function theory, general topology, and functional analysis. Beginning with a brief discussion of proof and definition by mathematical induction, it freely uses these notions and techniques. The maximality principle is introduced early but used sparingly; an appendix provides a more thorough treatment. The notion of convergence is stated in basic form and presented initially in a general setting. The Lebesgue-Stieltjes integral is introduced in terms of the ideas of Daniell, measure-theoretic considerations playing only a secondary part. The final chapter, on function spaces and harmonic analysis, is deliberately accelerated. Helpful exercises appear throughout the text.
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Tensor Analysis on Manifolds
by Richard L. Bishop
Part of the Dover Books on Mathematics series
Striking just the right balance between formal and abstract approaches, this text proceeds from generalities to specifics. Topics include function-theoretical and algebraic aspects, manifolds and integration theory, several important structures, and adaptation to classical mechanics. 1980 edition.
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Introduction to the Theory of Abstract Algebras
by Richard S. Pierce
Part of the Dover Books on Mathematics series
Intended for beginning graduate-level courses, this text introduces various aspects of the theory of abstract algebra. The book is also suitable as independent reading for interested students at that level as well as a primary source for a one-semester course that an instructor may supplement to expand to a full year. Author Richard S. Pierce, a Professor of Mathematics at Seattle's University of Washington, places considerable emphasis on applications of the theory and focuses particularly on lattice theory. After a preliminary review of set theory, the treatment presents the basic definitions of the theory of abstract algebras. Each of the next four chapters focuses on a major theme of universal algebra: subdirect decompositions, direct decompositions, free algebras, and varieties of algebras. Problems and a Bibliography supplement the text.
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The Schwarz Lemma
by Sean Dineen
Part of the Dover Books on Mathematics series
The Schwarz lemma is among the simplest results in complex analysis that capture the rigidity of holomorphic functions. This self-contained volume provides a thorough overview of the subject; it assumes no knowledge of intrinsic metrics and aims for the main results, introducing notation, secondary concepts, and techniques as necessary. Suitable for advanced undergraduates and graduate students of mathematics, the two-part treatment covers basic theory and applications. Starting with an exploration of the subject in terms of holomorphic and subharmonic functions, the treatment proves a Schwarz lemma for plurisubharmonic functions and discusses the basic properties of the Poincaré distance and the Schwarz-Pick systems of pseudodistances. Additional topics include hyperbolic manifolds, special domains, pseudometrics defined using the (complex) Green function, holomorphic curvature, and the algebraic metric of Harris. The second part explores fixed point theorems and the analytic Radon-Nikodym property.
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Introduction to Vector and Tensor Analysis
by Robert C. Wrede
Part of the Dover Books on Mathematics series
A broad introductory treatment, this volume examines general Cartesian coordinates, the cross product, Einstein's special theory of relativity, bases in general coordinate systems, maxima and minima of functions of two variables, line integrals, integral theorems, fundamental notions in n-space, Riemannian geometry, algebraic properties of the curvature tensor, and more. 1963 edition.
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Infinite Series
by James M Hyslop
Part of the Dover Books on Mathematics series
Intended for advanced undergraduates and graduate students, this concise text focuses on the convergence of real series. Definitions of the terms and summaries of those results in analysis that are of special importance in the theory of series are specified at the outset. In the interests of maintaining a succinct presentation, discussion of the question of the upper and lower limits of a function is confined to an outline of those properties with a direct bearing on the convergence of series. The central subject of this text is the convergence of real series, but series with complex terms and real infinite products are also examined as illustrations of the main theme. Infinite integrals appear only in connection with the integral test for convergence. Topics include functions and limits, real sequences and series, series of non-negative terms, general series, series of functions, the multiplication of series, infinite products, and double series. Prerequisites include a familiarity with the principles of elementary analysis.
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Introduction to Numerical Analysis
by F. B. Hildebrand
Part of the Dover Books on Mathematics series
Well-known, respected introduction, updated to integrate concepts and procedures associated with computers. Computation, approximation, interpolation, numerical differentiation and integration, smoothing of data, other topics in lucid presentation. Includes 150 additional problems in this edition. Bibliography.
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Introduction to Abstract Analysis
by Marvin E. Goldstein
Part of the Dover Books on Mathematics series
Developed from lectures delivered at NASA's Lewis Research Center, this concise text introduces scientists and engineers with backgrounds in applied mathematics to the concepts of abstract analysis. Rather than preparing readers for research in the field, this volume offers background necessary for reading the literature of pure mathematics. Starting with elementary set concepts, the treatment explores real numbers, vector and metric spaces, functions and relations, infinite collections of sets, and limits of sequences. Additional topics include continuity and function algebras, Cauchy completeness of metric space, infinite series, and sequences of functions and function spaces. The relation between convergence and continuity and algebraic operations is discussed in the abstract setting of linear spaces in order to acquaint readers with these important concepts in a fairly simple way. Detailed, easy-to-follow proofs and examples illustrate how the material relates to and serves as a foundation for more advanced subjects.
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Introduction to Abstract Harmonic Analysis
by Lynn H. Loomis
Part of the Dover Books on Mathematics series
This classic monograph is the work of a prominent contributor to the field of harmonic analysis. Geared toward advanced undergraduates and graduate students, it focuses on methods related to Gelfand's theory of Banach algebra. Prerequisites include a knowledge of the concepts of elementary modern algebra and of metric space topology. The first three chapters feature concise, self-contained treatments of measure theory, general topology, and Banach space theory that will assist students in their grasp of subsequent material. An in-depth exposition of Banach algebra follows, along with examinations of the Haar integral and the deduction of the standard theory of harmonic analysis on locally compact Abelian groups and compact groups. Additional topics include positive definite functions and the generalized Plancherel theorem, the Wiener Tauberian theorem and the Pontriagin duality theorem, representation theory, and the theory of almost periodic functions.
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Tensors, Differential Forms, and Variational Principles
by David Lovelock
Part of the Dover Books on Mathematics series
Incisive, self-contained account of tensor analysis and the calculus of exterior differential forms, interaction between the concept of invariance and the calculus of variations. Emphasis is on analytical techniques, with large number of problems, from routine manipulative exercises to technically difficult assignments.
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The Geometry of Geodesics
by Herbert Busemann
Part of the Dover Books on Mathematics series
A comprehensive approach to qualitative problems in intrinsic differential geometry, this text for upper-level undergraduates and graduate students emphasizes cases in which geodesics possess only local uniqueness properties--and consequently, the relations to the foundations of geometry are decidedly less relevant, and Finsler spaces become the principal subject. This direct approach has produced many new results and has materially generalized many known phenomena. Author Herbert Busemann begins with an explanation of the basic concepts, including compact metric spaces, convergence of point sets, motion and isometry, segments, and geodesics. Subsequent topics include Desarguesian spaces, with discussions of Riemann and Finsler spaces and Beltrami's theorem; perpendiculars and parallels, with examinations of higher-dimensional Minkowskian geometry and the Minkowski plane; and covering spaces, including locally isometric space, the universal covering space, fundamental sets, free homotopy and closed geodesics, and transitive geodesics on surfaces of higher genus. Concluding chapters explore the influence of the sign of the curvature on the geodesics, and homogenous spaces, including those with flat bisectors.
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Symplectic Geometry and Fourier Analysis
by Nolan R. Wallach
Part of the Dover Books on Mathematics series
This book derives from author Nolan R. Wallach's notes for a course on symplectic geometry and Fourier analysis, which he delivered at Rutgers University in 1975 for an audience of graduate students in mathematics and their professors. The monograph is geared toward readers who have taken a basic course in differential manifolds and elementary functional analysis. The first chapters cover certain geometric preliminaries, advancing to discussions of symplectic geometry and the application of its concepts to the action of a Lie group on a symplectic manifold. Subsequent chapters address Fourier analysis, the metaplectic representation, and quantization. A final chapter on the Kirillov theory applies the ideas of the previous chapters to homogeneous symplectic manifolds of nilpotent Lie groups. The book concludes with an Appendix on Quantum Mechanics by Robert Hermann.
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Geometry of Submanifolds
by Bang-Yen Chen
Part of the Dover Books on Mathematics series
The first two chapters of this frequently cited reference provide background material in Riemannian geometry and the theory of submanifolds. Subsequent chapters explore minimal submanifolds, submanifolds with parallel mean curvature vector, conformally flat manifolds, and umbilical manifolds. The final chapter discusses geometric inequalities of submanifolds, results in Morse theory and their applications, and total mean curvature of a submanifold.
Suitable for graduate students and mathematicians in the area of classical and modern differential geometries, the treatment is largely self-contained. Problems sets conclude each chapter, and an extensive bibliography provides background for students wishing to conduct further research in this area. This new edition includes the author's corrections.
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Theoretical Numerical Analysis
An Introduction to Advanced Techniques
by Peter Linz
Part of the Dover Books on Mathematics series
This concise text introduces numerical analysis as a practical, problem-solving discipline. The three-part presentation begins with the fundamentals of functional analysis and approximation theory. Part II outlines the major results of theoretical numerical analysis, reviewing product integration, approximate expansion methods, the minimization of functions, and related topics. Part III considers specific subjects that illustrate the power and usefulness of theoretical analysis.
Ideal as a text for a one-year graduate course, the book also offers engineers and scientists experienced in numerical computing a simple introduction to the major ideas of modern numerical analysis. Some practical experience with computational mathematics and the ability to relate this experience to new concepts is assumed. Otherwise, no background beyond advanced calculus is presupposed. Moreover, the ideas of functional analysis used throughout the text are introduced and developed only to the extent they are needed.
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Vector Analysis
by Louis Brand
Part of the Dover Books on Mathematics series
This text was designed as a short introductory course to give students the tools of vector algebra and calculus, as well as a brief glimpse into the subjects' manifold applications. 1957 edition. 86 figures.
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Approximate Calculation of Integrals
by V. I. Krylov
Part of the Dover Books on Mathematics series
This introduction to approximate integration approaches its subject from the viewpoint of functional analysis. The 3-part treatment covers concepts and theorems from the theory of quadrature, calculation of definite integrals, and calculation of indefinite integrals. 1962 edition.
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Constructive Real Analysis
by Allen A. Goldstein
Part of the Dover Books on Mathematics series
This text introduces students of mathematics, science, and technology to the methods of applied functional analysis and applied convexity. Topics include iterations and fixed points, metric spaces, nonlinear programming, applications to integral equations, and more. 1967 edition.
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Introduction to Proof in Abstract Mathematics
by Andrew Wohlgemuth
Part of the Dover Books on Mathematics series
The primary purpose of this undergraduate text is to teach students to do mathematical proofs. It enables readers to recognize the elements that constitute an acceptable proof, and it develops their ability to do proofs of routine problems as well as those requiring creative insights. The self-contained treatment features many exercises, problems, and selected answers, including worked-out solutions. Starting with sets and rules of inference, this text covers functions, relations, operation, and the integers. Additional topics include proofs in analysis, cardinality, and groups. Six appendixes offer supplemental material. Teachers will welcome the return of this long-out-of-print volume, appropriate for both one- and two-semester courses.
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Non-Euclidean Geometry
by Roberto Bonola
Part of the Dover Books on Mathematics series
This is an excellent historical and mathematical view by a renowned Italian geometer of the geometries that have risen from a rejection of Euclid's parallel postulate. Students, teachers and mathematicians will find here a ready reference source and guide to a field that has now become overwhelmingly important. Non-Euclidean Geometry first examines the various attempts to prove Euclid's parallel postulate-by the Greeks, Arabs, and mathematicians of the Renaissance. Then, ranging through the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries, it considers the forerunners and founders of non-Euclidean geometry, such as Saccheri, Lambert, Legendre, W. Bolyai, Gauss, Schweikart, Taurinus, J. Bolyai and Lobachevski. In a discussion of later developments, the author treats the work of Riemann, Helmholtz and Lie; the impossibility of proving Euclid's postulate, and similar topics. The complete text of two of the founding monographs is appended to Bonola's study: "The Science of Absolute Space" by John Bolyai and "Geometrical Researches on the Theory of Parallels" by Nicholas Lobachevski.