KINtop Studies in Early Cinema

A collection of essays exploring current issues in early film archiving, curation, and research. Invented in the 1890s and premiered in Paris by the Lumière brothers, the cinematograph along with Louis Le Prince's single-lens camera projector are considered by film historians to be the precursors to modern-day motion picture devices. These early movies were often shown in town halls, on fairgrounds, and in theaters, requiring special showmanship skills to effectively work the equipment and entertain onlookers. Within the last decade, film archives and film festivals have unearthed this lost art and have featured outstanding examples of the culture of early cinema reconfigured for today's audiences.

This comprehensive study of the Danish film company demonstrates how it became one of the most important innovators of the silent era. Established in 1906, Nordisk Films Kompagni's rise and fall is one of the most dramatic stories of the early film industry. Based on archival research, primarily in the company's surviving business archives, this volume describes and analyzes how Nordisk Films became one of the leading players in the world market-and why the company failed to maintain this position. Isak Thorsen examines Nordisk Film as a business and organization, from its establishment in 1906 until 1924 when founder Ole Olsen stepped back. He covers a wide range of topics, including the competitive advantages Nordisk Film gained in reorganizing the production to multiple-reel films around 1910, the company's highly efficient film production which anticipated the departmentalized organization of Hollywood, Nordisk Film's aggressive expansion strategy in Germany, Central-Europe and Russia during the First World War, and the grand plans for taking control of UFA in association with the American Famous Players in the post-war years.

Essays exploring how reformers and charities used the "magic lantern" to raise public awareness of poverty. Public performances using the magic or optical lantern became a prominent part of the social fabric of the late nineteenth century. Drawing on a rich variety of primary sources, Screen Culture and the Social Question, 1880-1914 investigates how the magic lantern and cinematograph, used at public lectures, church services, and electoral campaigns, became agents of social change. The essays examine how social reformers and charitable organizations used the "art of projection" to raise public awareness of the living conditions of the poor and the destitute, as they argued for reform and encouraged audiences to work to better their lot and that of others.

This fascinating study of early cinema in the Netherlands Indies explores the influences of new media technology on colonial society. The Komedi Bioscoop traces the emergence of a local culture of movie-going in the Netherlands Indies (present-day Indonesia) from 1896 until 1914. It outlines the introduction of the new technology by independent touring exhibitors, the constitution of a market for moving picture shows, the embedding of moving picture exhibitions within the local popular entertainment scene, and the Dutch colonial authorities' efforts to control film consumption and distribution. Dafna Ruppin focuses on the cinema as a social institution in which technology, race, and colonialism converged. In her illuminating study, moving picture venues in the Indies-ranging from canvas or bamboo tents to cinema palaces of brick and stone-are perceived as liminal spaces in which daily interactions across boundaries could occur within colonial Indonesia's multi-ethnic and increasingly polarized colonial society.