IEEE Press Series on Sensors

Provides an introduction to the topic of smart chemical sensors, along with an overview of the state of the art based on potential applications. This book presents a comprehensive overview of chemical sensors, ranging from the choice of material to sensor validation, modeling, simulation, and manufacturing. It discusses the process of data collection by intelligent techniques such as deep learning, multivariate analysis, and others. It also incorporates different types of smart chemical sensors and discusses each under a common set of sub-sections so that readers can fully understand the advantages and disadvantages of the relevant transducers-depending on the design, transduction mode, and final applications. “Smart Sensors for Environmental and Medical Applications” covers all major aspects of the field of smart chemical sensors, including working principle and related theory, sensor materials, classification of respective transducer type, relevant fabrication processes, methods for data analysis, and suitable applications. Chapters address field effect transistors technologies for biological and chemical sensors, mammalian cell—based electrochemical sensors for label-free monitoring of analytes, electronic tongues, chemical sensors based on metal oxides, metal oxide (MOX) gas sensor electronic interfaces, and more. Addressing the limitations and challenges in obtaining state-of-the-art smart biochemical sensors, this book: • Balances the fundamentals of sensor design, fabrication, characterization, and analysis with advanced methods • Categorizes sensors into sub-types and describes their working, focusing on prominent applications • Describes instrumentation and IoT networking methods of chemical transducers that can be used for inexpensive, accurate detection in commercialized smart chemical sensors • Covers monitoring of food spoilage using polydiacetylene-and liposome-based sensors; smart and intelligent E-nose for sensitive and selective chemical sensing applications; odor sensing system; and microwave chemical sensors “Smart Sensors for Environmental and Medical Applications” is an important book for senior-level undergraduate and graduate students learning about this high-performance technology and its many applications. It will also inform practitioners and researchers involved in the creation and use of smart sensors.

An important guide that reviews the basics of magnetic biosensor modeling and simulation “Magnetic Sensors for Biomedical Applications” offers a comprehensive review of magnetic biosensor modelling and simulation. The authors-noted experts on the topic-explore the model's strengths and weaknesses and discuss the competencies of different modelling software, including homemade and commercial (for example Multi-physics modelling software). The section on sensor materials examines promising materials whose properties have been used for sensing action and predicts future smart-materials that have the potential for sensing application. Next, the authors present classifications of sensors that are divided into different sub-types. They describe their working and highlight important applications that reveal the benefits and drawbacks of relevant designs. The book also contains information on the most recent developments in the field of each sensor type. This important book: • Provides an even treatment of the major foundations of magnetic biosensors • Presents problem solution methods such as analytical and numerical • Explains how solution methods complement each other, and offers information on their materials, design, computer aided modelling and simulation, optimization, and device fabrication • Describes modeling work challenges and solutions Written for students in electrical and electronics engineering, physics, chemistry, biomedical engineering, and biology, “Magnetic Sensors for Biomedical Applications” offers a guide to the principles of biomagnetic sensors, recent developments, and reveals the impact of sensor modelling and simulation on magnetic sensors.

Explore an insightful summary of the major self-contained aiding technologies for pedestrian navigation from established and emerging leaders in the field Pedestrian Inertial Navigation with Self-Contained Aiding delivers a comprehensive and broad treatment of self-contained aiding techniques in pedestrian inertial navigation. The book combines an introduction to the general concept of navigation and major navigation and aiding techniques with more specific discussions of topics central to the field, as well as an exploration of the future of the future of the field: Ultimate Navigation Chip (uNavChip) technology. The most commonly used implementation of pedestrian inertial navigation, strapdown inertial navigation, is discussed at length, as are the mechanization, implementation, error analysis, and adaptivity of zero-velocity update aided inertial navigation algorithms. The book demonstrates the implementation of ultrasonic sensors, ultra-wide band (UWB) sensors, and magnetic sensors. Ranging techniques are considered as well, including both foot-to-foot ranging and inter-agent ranging, and learning algorithms, navigation with signals of opportunity, and cooperative localization are discussed. Readers will also benefit from the inclusion of: • A thorough introduction to the general concept of navigation as well as major navigation and aiding techniques • An exploration of inertial navigation implementation, Inertial Measurement Units, and strapdown inertial navigation • A discussion of error analysis in strapdown inertial navigation, as well as the motivation of aiding techniques for pedestrian inertial navigation • A treatment of the zero-velocity update (ZUPT) aided inertial navigation algorithm, including its mechanization, implementation, error analysis, and adaptivity Perfect for students and researchers in the field who seek a broad understanding of the subject, Pedestrian Inertial Navigation with Self-Contained Aiding will also earn a place in the libraries of industrial researchers and industrial marketing analysts who need a self-contained summary of the foundational elements of the field.

Presents the mathematical framework, technical language, and control systems know-how needed to design, develop, and instrument micro-scale whole-angle gyroscopes. This comprehensive reference covers the technical fundamentals, mathematical framework, and common control strategies for degenerate mode gyroscopes, which are used in high-precision navigation applications. It explores various energy loss mechanisms and the effect of structural imperfections, along with requirements for continuous rate integrating gyroscope operation. It also provides information on the fabrication of MEMS whole-angle gyroscopes and the best methods of sustaining oscillations. “Whole-Angle Gyroscopes: Challenges and Opportunities” begins with a brief overview of the two main types of Coriolis Vibratory Gyroscopes (CVGs): non-degenerate mode gyroscopes and degenerate mode gyroscopes. It then introduces readers to the Foucault Pendulum analogy and a review of MEMS whole angle mode gyroscope development. Chapters cover: dynamics of whole-angle coriolis vibratory gyroscopes; fabrication of whole-angle coriolis vibratory gyroscopes; energy loss mechanisms of coriolis vibratory gyroscopes; and control strategies for whole-angle coriolis vibratory gyro-scopes. The book finishes with a chapter on conventionally machined micro-machined gyroscopes, followed by one on micro-wineglass gyroscopes. In addition, the book: • Lowers barrier to entry for aspiring scientists and engineers by providing a solid understanding of the fundamentals and control strategies of degenerate mode gyroscopes • Organizes mode-matched mechanical gyroscopes based on three classifications: wine-glass, ring/disk, and mass spring mechanical elements • Includes case studies on conventionally micro-machined and 3-D micro-machined gyroscopes “Whole-Angle Gyroscopes” is an ideal book for researchers, scientists, engineers, and college/graduate students involved in the technology. It will also be of great benefit to engineers in control systems, MEMS production, electronics, and semi-conductors who work with inertial sensors.

Sensing Technologies for Real Time Monitoring of Water Quality A comprehensive guide to the development and application of smart sensing technologies for water quality monitoring With contributions from a panel of experts on the topic, Sensing Technologies for Real Time Monitoring of Water Quality offers an authoritative resource that explores a complete set of sensing technologies designed to monitor, in real-time, water quality including agriculture. The contributing authors explore the fundamentals of sensing technologies and review the most recent advances of various materials and sensors for water quality??monitoring. This comprehensive resource includes information on a range of designs of smart electronics, communication systems, packaging, and innovative implementation approaches used for remote monitoring of water quality in various atmospheres. The book explores a variety of techniques for online water quality monitoring including internet of Things (IoT), communication systems, and advanced sensor deployment methods. This important book: • Puts the spotlight on the potential capabilities and the limitations of various sensing technologies and wireless systems • Offers an evaluation of a variety of sensing materials, substrates, and designs of sensors • Describes sensor implementation in agriculture and extreme environments • Includes information on the common characteristics, ideas, and approaches of water quality and quantity management Written for students and practitioners/researchers in water quality management, Sensing Technologies for Real Time Monitoring of Water Quality offers, in one volume, a guide to the real time sensing techniques that can improve water quality and its management.

Solid-State Sensors A thorough and up-to-date introduction to solid-state sensors, materials, fabrication processes, and applications Solid-State Sensors provides a comprehensive introduction to the field, covering fundamental principles, underlying theories, sensor materials, fabrication technologies, current and possible future applications, and more. Presented in a clear and accessible format, this reader-friendly textbook describes the fundamentals and classification of all major types of solid-state sensors, including piezoresistive, capacitive, thermometric, optical bio-chemical, magnetic, and acoustic-based sensors. Throughout the text, the authors offer insight into how different solid-state methods complement each other as well as their respective advantages and disadvantages in relation to specific devices and a variety of state-of-the-art applications. Detailed yet concise chapters include numerous visual illustrations and comparative tables of different subtypes of sensors for a given application. With in-depth discussion of recent developments, current research, and key challenges in the field of solid-state sensors, this volume: • Describes solid-state sensing parameters and their importance in sensor characterization • Explores possible future applications and breakthroughs in associated fields of research • Covers the fundamental principles and relevant equations of sensing phenomena • Discusses promising smart materials that have the potential for sensing applications • Includes an overview of the history, classification, and terminology of sensors With well-balanced coverage of the fundamentals of sensor design, current and emerging applications, and the most recent research developments in the field, Solid-State Sensors is an excellent textbook for advanced students and professionals in disciplines such as Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Physics, Chemistry, and Biomedical Engineering.

The most complete, one-stop reference for fiber optic sensor theory and application. “Optical Fiber Sensors: Fundamentals for Development of Optimized Devices” constitutes the most complete, comprehensive, and up-to-date reference on the development of optical fiber sensors. Edited by two respected experts in the field and authored by experienced engineers and scientists, the book acts as a guide and a reference for an audience ranging from graduate students to researchers and engineers in the field of fiber optic sensors. The book discusses the fundamentals and foundations of fiber optic sensor technology and provides real-world examples to illuminate and illustrate the concepts found within. In addition to the basic concepts necessary to understand this technology, “Optical Fiber Sensors” includes chapters on: • Distributed sensing with Rayleigh, Raman and Brillouin scattering methods • Biomechanical sensing • Gas and volatile organic compound sensors • Application of nanotechnology to optical fiber sensors • Health care and clinical diagnosis • And others Graduate students as well as professionals who work with optical fiber sensors will find this volume to be an indispensable resource and reference.