IEEE Press Series on Microelectronic Systems

Presented here is an all-inclusive treatment of Flash technology, including Flash memory chips, Flash embedded in logic, binary cell Flash, and multilevel cell Flash. The book begins with a tutorial of elementary concepts to orient readers who are less familiar with the subject. Next, it covers all aspects and variations of Flash technology at a mature engineering level: basic device structures, principles of operation, related process technologies, circuit design, overall design tradeoffs, device testing, reliability, and applications.

The main topic of this book is quantum mechanics, as the title indicates. It specifically targets those topics within quantum mechanics that are needed to understand modern semiconductor theory. It begins with the motivation for quantum mechanics and why classical physics fails when dealing with very small particles and small dimensions. Two key features make this book different from others on quantum mechanics, even those usually intended for engineers: First, after a brief introduction, much of the development is through Fourier theory, a topic that is at the heart of most electrical engineering theory. In this manner, the explanation of the quantum mechanics is rooted in the mathematics familiar to every electrical engineer. Secondly, beginning with the first chapter, simple computer programs in MATLAB are used to illustrate the principles. The programs can easily be copied and used by the reader to do the exercises at the end of the chapters or to just become more familiar with the material.

Introducing a new, pioneering approach to integrated circuit design Nanometer Frequency Synthesis Beyond Phase-Locked Loop introduces an innovative new way of looking at frequency that promises to open new frontiers in modern integrated circuit (IC) design. While most books on frequency synthesis deal with the phase-locked loop (PLL), this book focuses on the clock signal. It revisits the concept of frequency, solves longstanding problems in on-chip clock generation, and presents a new time-based information processing approach for future chip design. Beginning with the basics, the book explains how clock signal is used in electronic applications and outlines the shortcomings of conventional frequency synthesis techniques for dealing with clock generation problems. It introduces the breakthrough concept of Time-Average-Frequency, presents the Flying-Adder circuit architecture for the implementation of this approach, and reveals a new circuit device, the Digital-to-Frequency Converter (DFC). Lastly, it builds upon these three key components to explain the use of time rather than level to represent information in signal processing. Provocative, inspiring, and chock-full of ideas for future innovations, the book features: • A new way of thinking about the fundamental concept of clock frequency • A new circuit architecture for frequency synthesis: the Flying-Adder direct period synthesis • A new electronic component: the Digital-to-Frequency Converter • A new information processing approach: time-based vs. level-based • Examples demonstrating the power of this technology to build better, cheaper, and faster systems Written with the intent of showing readers how to think outside the box, Nanometer Frequency Synthesis Beyond the Phase-Locked Loop is a must-have resource for IC design engineers and researchers as well as anyone who would like to be at the forefront of modern circuit design.

Filling the gap in the market dedicated to PLL structures for power systems. Internationally recognized expert Dr. Masoud Karimi-Ghartemani brings over twenty years of experience working with PLL structures to Enhanced Phase-Locked Loop Structures for Power and Energy Applications, the only book on the market specifically dedicated to PLL architectures as they apply to power engineering. As technology has grown and spread to new devices, PLL has increased in significance for power systems and the devices that connect with the power grid. This book discusses the PLL structures that are directly applicable to power systems using simple language, making it easily digestible for a wide audience of engineers, technicians, and graduate students. Enhanced phase-locked loop (EPLL) has become the most widely utilized architecture over the past decade, and many books lack explanation of the structural differences between PLL and EPLL. This book discusses those differences and also provides detailed instructions on using EPLL for both single-phase applications and three-phase applications. The book's major topics include: • A basic look at PLL and its standard structure • A full explanation of EPLL • EPLL extensions and modifications • Digital implementation of EPLL • Extensions of EPLL to three-phase structures Dr. Karimi-Ghartemani provides basic analysis that helps readers understand each of the structures presented without requiring complicated mathematical proofs. His book is filled with illustrated examples and simulations that connect theory to the real world, making “Enhanced Phase-Locked Loop Structures for Power and Energy Applications” an ideal reference for anyone working with inverters, rectifiers, and related technologies.

A comprehensive one-volume reference on current JLFET methods, techniques, and research Advancements in transistor technology have driven the modern smart-device revolution-many cell phones, watches, home appliances, and numerous other devices of everyday usage now surpass the performance of the room-filling supercomputers of the past. Electronic devices are continuing to become more mobile, powerful, and versatile in this era of internet-of-things (IoT) due in large part to the scaling of metal-oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs). Incessant scaling of the conventional MOSFETs to cater to consumer needs without incurring performance degradation requires costly and complex fabrication process owing to the presence of metallurgical junctions. Unlike conventional MOSFETs, junctionless field-effect transistors (JLFETs) contain no metallurgical junctions, so they are simpler to process and less costly to manufacture. JLFETs utilize a gated semiconductor film to control its resistance and the current flowing through it. Junctionless Field-Effect Transistors: Design, Modeling, and Simulation is an inclusive, one-stop referenceon the study and research on JLFETs This timely book covers the fundamental physics underlying JLFET operation, emerging architectures, modeling and simulation methods, comparative analyses of JLFET performance metrics, and several other interesting facts related to JLFETs. A calibrated simulation framework, including guidance on SentaurusTCAD software, enables researchers to investigate JLFETs, develop new architectures, and improve performance. This valuable resource: • Addresses the design and architecture challenges faced by JLFET as a replacement for MOSFET • Examines various approaches for analytical and compact modeling of JLFETs in circuit design and simulation • Explains how to use Technology Computer-Aided Design software (TCAD) to produce numerical simulations of JLFETs • Suggests research directions and potential applications of JLFETs “Junctionless Field-Effect Transistors: Design, Modeling, and Simulation” is an essential resource for CMOS device design researchers and advanced students in the field of physics and semiconductor devices.

• Offers a comprehensive overview of NAND flash memories, with insights into NAND history, technology, challenges, evolutions, and perspectives • Describes new program disturb issues, data retention, power consumption, and possible solutions for the challenges of 3D NAND flash memory • Written by an authority in NAND flash memory technology, with over 25 years' experience

Written in a simple, easy to understand style, this book will teach PLL users how to use new clock technology in their work in order to create innovative applications. • Investigates the clock frequency concept from a different perspective-at an application level • Teaches engineers to use this new clocking technology to create innovations in chip/system level, through real examples extracted from commercial products

This new edition introduces operation and design techniques for Sigma-Delta converters in physical and conceptual terms, and includes chapters which explore developments in the field over the last decade • Includes information on MASH architectures, digital-to-analog converter (DAC) mismatch and mismatch shaping • Investigates new topics including continuous-time ΔΣ analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) principles and designs, circuit design for both continuous-time and discrete-time ΔΣ ADCs, decimation and interpolation filters, and incremental ADCs • Provides emphasis on practical design issues for industry professionals

A practical guide for solving real-world circuit board problems. “Electrical, Electronics, and Digital Hardware Essentials for Scientists and Engineers” arms engineers with the tools they need to test, evaluate, and solve circuit board problems. It explores a wide range of circuit analysis topics, supplementing the material with detailed circuit examples and extensive illustrations. The pros and cons of various methods of analysis, fundamental applications of electronic hardware, and issues in logic design are also thoroughly examined. The author draws on more than twenty-five years of experience in Silicon Valley to present a plethora of troubleshooting techniques readers can use in real-life situations. Plus, he devotes an entire chapter to the design of a small CPU, including all critical elements-the complete machine instruction set, from its execution path to logic implementation and timing analysis, along with power decoupling, resets, and clock considerations. “Electrical, Electronics, and Digital Hardware Essentials for Scientists and Engineers” covers: • Resistors, inductors, and capacitors as well as a variety of analytical methods • The elements of magnetism-an often-overlooked topic in similar books • Time domain and frequency analyses of circuit behavior • Numerous electronics, from operational amplifiers to MOSFET transistors • Both basic and advanced logic design principles and techniques This remarkable, highly practical book is a must-have resource for solid state circuit engineers, semiconductor designers and engineers, electric circuit testing engineers, and anyone dealing with everyday circuit analysis problems.