Antoni van Leeuwenhoek
Genius Discoverer of Microscopic Life
Part of the Genius Scientists and Their Genius Ideas series
For his discoveries of microscopic life, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek is remembered today as one of the great geniuses of science. Using microscopes he made himself, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek peered into exciting new worlds that no one knew existed before. Beginning in the 1670s, he discovered tiny, single-celled living things that he called "little animals." His curiosity led him to examine lake water, moldy bread, and even the plaque build-up on his own teeth! Van Leeuwenhoek was also the first to see red blood cells and bacteria.
Isaac Newton
Greatest Genius of Science
Part of the Genius Scientists and Their Genius Ideas series
Isaac Newton is best known for his theories of motion and gravitation. These laws served as the foundation of science for the past three hundred years. In addition, using a prism, Newton first discovered the that sunlight is actually made up of light rays of many different colors. Among his other discoveries is the branch of mathematics called calculus.
Aristotle
Genius Philosopher and Scientist
Part of the Genius Scientists and Their Genius Ideas series
Aristotle is one of the most significant figures in all of human history. Over the course of his life, he studied and wrote about every possible field of knowledge. He studied physics, zoology, botany, and chemistry before any of these fields of science even had names. Without the benefit of modern tools like the telescope or microscope, Aristotle still laid the foundation for nearly all later developments in Western science. In addition to his work in science, Aristotle contributed a great deal to our ideas about art, literature, ethics, and theology. Aristotle's influence is so deep, in fact, that many of his ideas have been absorbed into the very language of science and philosophy.
Part of the Genius Scientists and Their Genius Ideas series
This book is the perfect introduction to the life and work of the amazing scientist, Galileo. Many historians credit Galileo as the "founder of modern experimental science." His life was not easy. His outspoken beliefs and discoveries earned him many enemies. The Roman Catholic Church disagreed with Galileo regarding Earth's position in the universe. The Church punished him and he spent the rest of his life under house arrest.
William Harvey
Genius Discoverer of Blood Circulation
Part of the Genius Scientists and Their Genius Ideas series
In the 17th century the English physician, William Harvey described for the first time the details of the human circulatory system. Harvey discovered that the heart was a muscle and that by contracting, pushed blood through the body. He worked out the whole pattern of the heartbeat. William Harvey's genius changed how people understood the workings of the human body. This marked on the greatest advances in the study of medicine.
Archimedes
Genius Mathematician
Part of the Genius Scientists and Their Genius Ideas series
An original and profound thinker, Archimedes was a mathematician, a physicist, a mechanical engineer, and an inventor. He is most famous for proving the law of the lever and inventing the compound pulley. This title in the GENIUS SCIENTISTS AND THEIR GENIUS IDEAS series offers a look at one of the greatest minds of the ancient world.
Louis Pasteur
Genius Disease Fighter
Part of the Genius Scientists and Their Genius Ideas series
Louis Pasteur was one of the first scientists to understand the importance of microorganisms in causing diseases. He focused much of his research on how to prevent the spread of harmful microorganisms by developing vaccines, including a vaccine against rabies. Pasteur's many contributions to both medicine and industry makes him one of the geniuses of science. His work continues today in the Pasteur Institute, a world-wide health organization.
Carl Linnaeus
Genius of Classification
Part of the Genius Scientists and Their Genius Ideas series
How can we organize and name all of the different animals and plants in the world? Many had tried before, but Carl Linnaeus came up with a system that we still use today. This Swedish scientist from over 300 years ago is known as the father of classification. Linnaeus's system gave each plant or animal just two names. For example, the scientific term for human beings is Homo sapiens. In Latin, Homo means "man" and sapiens means "wise."
Antoine Lavoisier
Genius of Modern Chemistry
Part of the Genius Scientists and Their Genius Ideas series
Antoine Lavoisier is considered to be the father of modern chemistry. Using experiments and careful measurements, he created a system to help chemists understand how matter behaves. He discovered and named oxygen and hydrogen, and helped set up a system to classify these and other elements. Perhaps his most famous discovery is the role oxygen plays in combustion.
Copernicus
Genius of Modern Astronomy
Part of the Genius Scientists and Their Genius Ideas series
Copernicus worked with primitive scientific instruments to prove that Earth revolved around the sun. The idea of Earth circling the sun is universally accepted today, but this was not always the case. Centuries ago, it was widely believed that the earth stood still and the sun moved. At first, Copernicus was denounced and ridiculed for this belief. Later, scientists with more advanced instruments proved that Earth did indeed revolve around the sun. Many of our modern advances in science would not have been possible without the heliocentric theory of Copernicus.
Marie Curie
Genius Researcher of Radioactivity
Part of the Genius Scientists and Their Genius Ideas series
Marie Curie is the first woman to be honored with a Nobel Prize in physics in 1903. In 1911 she was honored with a second Nobel Prize in a different field, this time in chemistry. With her husband Pierre, she pioneered the discovery of radiation and found two elements named polonium and radium. She created the Curie Institutes in Paris and Warsaw that are important centers of medical study today.
Charles Darwin
Genius of a Revolutionary Theory
Part of the Genius Scientists and Their Genius Ideas series
Charles Darwin published his most important book in 1859 called THE ORIGIN OF SPECIES. In this book Darwin claimed that plants and animals living today are descended from similar species that lived long ago. It caused an immediate uproar and upset some people because it appeared to go against the Bible. The genius of Charles Darwin is his discovery of a unifying theory of biology, explaining the diversity of life.
Albert Einstein
Genius of the Theory of Relativity
Part of the Genius Scientists and Their Genius Ideas series
With his general theory of relativity, Albert Einstein is the symbol of genius. Being honored with the Nobel Prize in physics made him famous and firmed-up his reputation as a genius. Though Albert Einstein is remembered mostly as being a scientist, he was also concerned with helping people. During World War II, he assisted many Jews fleeing the Nazis. After the war, the people of Israel asked him to be their president. Einstein declined; he still had unanswered scientific questions to solve. Today, scientists are still hard at work trying to solve some of Einstein's questions.
Edwin Hubble
Genius Discoverer of Galaxies
Part of the Genius Scientists and Their Genius Ideas series
It was not always known that the Milky Way is just one of many galaxies in the universe. Edwin Hubble is the man who discovered this startling idea and that the universe was expanding. As a result of these discoveries, Hubble became an international celebrity, and is remembered today as a genius of science.