Chemical Analysis: A Series of Monographs on Analytical Chemistry and Its Applic

Discover how to use HILIC to analyze and better understand polar compounds An increasingly popular analytical method, hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) has the ability to retain and separate polar compounds that are often difficult to analyze by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) or other analytical methods. Offering a comprehensive review, this book enables readers to develop a fundamental understanding of how HILIC works and then apply that knowledge to develop and implement a variety of practical applications. Hydrophilic Interaction Chromatography begins with discussions of HILIC retention mechanisms, stationary phases, and general method development. This sets the foundation for the book's extensive coverage of applications. The authors address unique separation challenges for bioanalytical, environmental, pharmaceutical, and biochemical applications. Moreover, there is a thorough discussion of HILIC in two-dimensional chromatography. With contributions from leading analytical scientists who have extensive experience in HILIC as well as HPLC, Hydrophilic Interaction Chromatography serves as a practical guide for researchers, featuring: • Detailed examples of HILIC methods and development approaches • Thorough explanations of retention mechanisms and the impact of stationary phase and mobile phase properties on separations • Step-by-step guidance for developing efficient, sensitive, and robust HILIC methods • References to the primary literature at the end of each chapter Hydrophilic Interaction Chromatography is written for scientists who use or develop analytical methods for the separation of polar compounds. In particular, these researchers will discover how HILIC can be used to analyze and better understand the composition of pharmaceutical, bioanalytical, biochemical, chemical, food, and environmental samples.

Attenuated Total Reflection (ATR) Spectroscopy is now the most frequently used sampling technique for infrared spectroscopy. This book fully explains the theory and practice of this method. • Offers introduction and history of ATR before discussing theoretical aspects • Includes informative illustrations and theoretical calculations • Discusses many advanced aspects of ATR, such as depth profiling or orientation studies, and particular features of reflectance

X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, one of the most powerful and flexible techniques available for the analysis and characterization of materials today, has gone through major changes during the past decade. Fully revised and expanded by 30%, X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry, Second Edition incorporates the latest industrial and scientific trends in all areas. It updates all previous material and adds new chapters on such topics as the history of X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, the design of X-ray spectrometers, state-of-the-art applications, and X-ray spectra. Ron Jenkins draws on his extensive experience in training and consulting industry professionals for this clear and concise treatment, covering first the basic aspects of X rays, then the methodology of X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy and available instrumentation. He offers a comparison between wavelength and energy dispersive spectrometers as well as step-by-step guidelines to X-ray spectrometric techniques for qualitative and quantitative analysis-from specimen preparation to real-world industrial application. Favored by the American Chemical Society and the International Centre for Diffraction Data, X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry, Second Edition is an ideal introduction for newcomers to the field and an invaluable reference for experienced spectroscopists-in chemical analysis, geology, metallurgy, and materials science. An up-to-date review of X-ray spectroscopic techniques. This proven guidebook for industry professionals is thoroughly updated and expanded to reflect advances in X-ray analysis over the last decade. X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry, Second Edition includes: • The history of X-ray fluorescence spectrometry-new to this edition. • A critical review of the most useful X-ray spectrometers. • Techniques and procedures for quantitative and qualitative analysis. • Modern applications and industrial trends. • X-ray spectra-new to this edition.

When bombarded with X-rays, solid materials produce distinct scattering patterns similar to fingerprints. X-ray powder diffraction is a technique used to fingerprint solid samples, which are then identified and cataloged for future use-much the way the FBI keeps fingerprints on file. The current database of some 70,000 material prints has been put to a broad range of uses, from the analysis of moon rocks to testing drugs for purity. Introduction to X-ray Powder Diffractometry fully updates the achievements in the field over the past fifteen years and provides a much-needed explanation of the state-of-the-art techniques involved in characterizing materials. It covers the latest instruments and methods, with an emphasis on the fundamentals of the diffractometer, its components, alignment, calibration, and automation. The first three chapters outline diffraction theory in clear language, accessible to both students and professionals in chemistry, physics, geology, and materials science. The book's middle chapters describe the instrumentation and procedures used in X-ray diffraction, including X-ray sources, X-ray detection, and production of monochromatic radiation. The chapter devoted to instrument design and calibration is followed by an examination of specimen preparation methods, data collection, and reduction. The final two chapters provide in-depth discussions of qualitative and quantitative analysis. While the material is presented in an orderly progression, beginning with basic concepts and moving on to more complex material, each chapter stands on its own and can be studied independently or used as a professional reference. More than 230 illustrations and tables demonstrate techniques and clarify complex material. Self-contained, timely, and user-friendly, Introduction to X-ray Powder Diffractometry is an enormously useful text and professional reference for analytical chemists, physicists, geologists and materials scientists, and upper-level undergraduate and graduate students in materials science and analytical chemistry. X-ray powder diffraction-a technique that has matured significantly in recent years-is used to identify solid samples and determine their composition by analyzing the so-called "fingerprints" they generate when X-rayed. This unique volume fulfills two major roles: it is the first textbook devoted solely to X-ray powder diffractometry, and the first up-to-date treatment of the subject in 20 years. This timely, authoritative volume features: * Clear, concise descriptions of both theory and practice-including fundamentals of diffraction theory and all aspects of the diffractometer * A treatment that reflects current trends toward automation, covering the newest instrumentation and automation techniques * Coverage of all the most common applications, with special emphasis on qualitative and quantitative analysis * An accessible presentation appropriate for both students and professionals * More than 230 tables and illustrations Introduction to X-ray Powder Diffractometry, a collaboration between two internationally known and respected experts in the field, provides invaluable guidance to anyone using X-ray powder diffractometers and diffractometry in materials science, ceramics, the pharmaceutical industry, and elsewhere.

Describes experimental methods for investigating the function of pumps, channels and transporters. • Covers new emerging analytical methods used to study ion transport membrane proteins such as single-molecule spectroscopy • Details a wide range of electrophysiological techniques and spectroscopic methods used to analyze the function of ion channels, ion pumps and transporters • Covers state-of-the art analytical methods to study ion pumps, channels, and transporters, and where analytical chemistry can make further contributions

Introduces the reader to Circulating Tumor Cells (CTCs), their isolation method and analysis, and commercially available platforms. • Presents the historical perspective and the overview of the field of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) • Discusses the state-of-art methods for CTC isolation, ranging from the macro-to micro-scale, from positive concentration to negative depletion, and from biological-property-enabled to physical-property-based approaches • Details commercially available CTC platforms • Describes post-isolation analysis and clinical translation • Provides a glossary of scientific terms related to CTCs

Introduces the reader to the production of the products in a refinery. • Introduces the reader to the types of test methods applied to petroleum products, including the need for specifications • Provides detailed explanations for accurately analyzing and characterizing modern petroleum products • Rewritten to include new and evolving test methods • Updates on the evolving test methods and new test methods as well as the various environmental regulations are presented

Provides users with everything they need to know about testing and analysis of coal. • Includes new coverage on environmental issues and regulations as related to coal • Provides the reader with the necessary information about testing and analyzing coal and relays the advantages and limitations in understanding the quality and performance of coal • Explains the meaning of test results and how these results can predict coal behavior and its corresponding environmental impact during use • Includes a comprehensive Glossary which defines items in straightforward language that enable readers to better understand the terminology related to coal • Treats issues related to sampling, and accuracy and precision of analysis

Details methods for computing valid limits of detection. • Clearly explains analytical detection limit theory, thereby mitigating incorrect detection limit concepts, methodologies and results • Extensive use of computer simulations that are freely available to readers • Curated short-list of important references for limits of detection • Videos, screencasts, and animations are provided at an associated website, to enhance understanding • Illustrated, with many detailed examples and cogent explanations

Explores the uses of TXRF in micro-and trace analysis, and in surface-and near-surface-layer analysis. • Pinpoints new applications of TRXF in different fields of biology, biomonitoring, material and life sciences, medicine, toxicology, forensics, art history, and archaeometry • Updated and detailed sections on sample preparation taking into account nano-and picoliter techniques • Offers helpful tips on performing analyses, including sample preparations, and spectra recording and interpretation • Includes some 700 references for further study

Covers the advantages of using photothermal spectroscopy over conventional absorption spectroscopy, including facilitating extremely sensitive measurements and non-destructive analysis. This unique guide to the application and theory of photothermal spectroscopy has been newly revised and updated to include new methods and applications and expands on applications to chemical analysis and material science. The book covers the subject from the ground up, lists all practical considerations needed to obtain accurate results, and provides a working knowledge of the various methods in use. “Photothermal Spectroscopy Methods”, Second Edition includes the latest methods of solid state and materials analysis, and describes new chemical analysis procedures and apparatuses in the analytical chemistry sections. It offers a detailed look at the optics, physical principles of heat transfer, and signal analysis. Information in the temperature change and optical elements in homogeneous samples and photothermal spectroscopy in homogeneous samples has been updated with a better description of diffraction effects and calculations. Chapters on analytical measurement and data processing and analytical applications are also updated and include new information on modern applications and photothermal microscopy. Finally, the Photothermal Spectroscopy of Heterogeneous Sample chapter has been expanded to incorporate new methods for materials analysis. • New edition updates and expands on applications to chemical analysis and materials science, including new methods of solid state and materials analysis • Includes new chemical analysis procedures and apparatuses • Provides an unmatched resource that develops a consistent mathematical basis for signal description, consolidates previous theories, and provides invaluable insight into laser technology Photothermal Spectroscopy Methods, Second Edition will appeal to researchers from both academia and industry (graduate students, postdocs, research scientists, and professors) in the general field of analytical chemistry, optics, and materials science, and researchers and engineers at scientific instrument developers in fields related to photonics and spectroscopy.

Provides the tools needed to explore the incredible complexities of the earth's soils Now in its Second Edition, this highly acclaimed text fully equips readers with the skills and knowledge needed to analyze soil and correctly interpret the results. Due to the highly complex nature of soil, the author carefully explains why unusual results are routinely obtained during soil analyses, including the occurrence of methane in soil under oxidative conditions. The text also assists readers in developing their own analytical techniques in order to analyze particular samples or test for particular compounds or properties. The Second Edition of Introduction to Soil Chemistry features four new chapters. Moreover, the entire text has been thoroughly updated and revised. It begins with a review of the history of soil chemistry, introducing fundamental concepts that apply to all soils. Next, the text explores: • Basic soil characteristics, horizonation, texture, clay, air, water, solids, organic matter, organisms, and fundamental chemical concepts essential to soil chemistry • Tested and proven sampling techniques for soil analysis that provide reliable analytical results • Basic soil measurement techniques and extraction procedures • Instrumentation to isolate and identify soil chemicals, including plant nutrients and contaminants Detailed examples and figures throughout the text help readers successfully perform soil sampling and analytical methods as well as better understand soil's chemical characteristics. At the end of each chapter, a bibliography and list of references lead to additional resources to explore individual topics in greater depth. Each chapter also offers problem sets, encouraging readers to put their newfound skills into practice. Reflecting the latest research findings and best practices, the Second Edition of Introduction to Soil Chemistry is ideal for both students and soil chemists who want to explore the incredible complexities of the earth's soils.

HIGH THROUGHPUT ANALYSIS FOR FOOD SAFETY MEETS FSMA REQUIREMENTS WITH THE LATEST ADVANCES IN HIGH-THROUGHPUT SCREENING High-Throughput Analysis for Food Safety addresses the fundamental concepts involved in the rapid screening for contaminants, including residual veterinary drugs, proteins, metals, hormones, pesticides, and adulterants. Addressing the need for-and requirements of-rapid screening tests, the book includes discussions of regulations and compliance issues from perspectives of both domestic and global industry and government contributors. The latest developments and most common techniques are focused on, with an emphasis on the applicability of both stand-alone mass spectrometry methods and coupled techniques. Beginning with a review of high-throughput analysis basics, the authors conduct a full exploration of mass spectrometry applications allowing readers to: • Survey GC-MS, LC-MS, stand-alone MS, and tandem MS methods in food analysis and contaminant screening • Review quality control standards, method validation, and ongoing analytical control • Examine the current methods used to detect veterinary medicinal product residues in food, as well as future directions Recent Recent incidents around the globe have turned the food industry toward high-throughput analysis, and the Food Safety Modernization Act has made it a legal requirement in the US. This resource provides an in-depth discussion of the latest advances in methods and instrumentation.

Provides a strong foundation in electrochemical principles and best practices Written for undergraduate majors in chemistry and chemical engineering, this book teaches the basic principles of electroanalytical chemistry and illustrates best practices through the use of case studies of organic reactions and catalysis using voltammetric methods and of the measurement of clinical and environmental analytes by potentiometric techniques. It provides insight beyond the field of analysis as students address problems arising in many areas of science and technology. The book also emphasizes electrochemical phenomena and conceptual models to help readers understand the influence of experimental conditions and the interpretation of results for common potentiometric and voltammetric methods. Electroanalytical Chemistry: Principles, Best Practices, and Case Studies begins by introducing some basic concepts in electrical phenomena. It then moves on to a chapter that examines the potentiometry of oxidation-reduction processes, followed by another on the potentiometry of ion selective electrodes. Other sections look at: applications of ion selective electrodes; controlled potential methods; case studies in controlled potential methods; and instrumentation. The book also features several appendixes covering: Ionic Strength, Activity and Activity Coefficients; The Nicolsky-Eisenman Equation; The Henderson Equation for Liquid Junction Potentials; Selected Standard Electrode Potentials; and The Nernst Equation Derivation. • Introduces the principles of modern electrochemical sensors and instrumental chemical analysis using potentiometric and voltammetric methods • Develops conceptual models underlying electrochemical phenomena and useful equations • Illustrates best practice with short case studies of organic reaction mechanisms using voltammetry and quantitative analysis with ion selective electrodes • Offers instructors the opportunity to select focus areas and tailor the book to their course by providing a collection of shorter texts, each dedicated to a single field • Intended as one of a series of modules for teaching undergraduate courses in instrumental chemical analysis “Electroanalytical Chemistry: Principles, Best Practices, and Case Studies” is an ideal textbook for undergraduate majors in chemistry and chemical engineering taking instrumental analysis courses. It would also benefit professional chemists who need an introduction to potentiometry or voltammetry.

Explains why modern supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) is the leading "green" analytical and purification separations technology. Modern supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) is the leading method used to analyze and purify chiral and achiral chemical compounds, many of which are pharmaceuticals, pharmaceutical candidates, and natural products including cannabis-related compounds. This book covers current SFC instrumentation as it relates to greater robustness, better reproducibility, and increased analytical sensitivity. Modern Supercritical Fluid Chromatography: Carbon Dioxide Containing Mobile Phases covers the history, instrumentation, method development and applications of SFC. The authors provided readers with an overview of analytical and preparative SFC equipment, stationary phases, and mobile phase choices. Topics covered include: Milestones of Supercritical Fluid Chromatography, Physical Properties of Supercritical Fluids, Instrumentation for SFC, Detection in SFC, Achiral SFC Method Development, Chiral SFC Method Development, and Preparative Scale SFC. The book also includes highlights of modern applications of SFC in the final chapters-namely pharmaceuticals, consumer products, foods, polymers, petroleum-related mixtures, and cannabis-and discusses the future of SFC. • Provides a clear explanation of the physical and chemical properties of supercritical fluids, which gives the reader a better understanding of the basis for improved performance in SFC compared to HPLC and GC • Describes the advantages of SFC as a green alternative to HPLC and GC for the analysis of both polar, water-soluble, and non-polar analytes • Details both achiral and chiral SFC method development, including modifiers, additives, the impact of temperature and pressure, and stationary phase choices • Details why SFC is the premier modern preparative chromatographic technique used to purify components of mixtures for subsequent uses, both from performance and economic perspectives • Covers numerous detectors, with an emphasis on SFC-MS, SFC-UV, and SFC-ELSD (evaporative light scattering detection) • Describes the application of SFC to numerous high-value application areas Modern Supercritical Fluid Chromatography: Carbon Dioxide Containing Mobile Phases will be of great interest to professionals, students, and professors involved in analytical, bioanalytical, separations science, medicinal, petroleum, and environmental chemistries. It will also appeal to pharmaceutical scientists, natural-product scientists, food and consumer-products scientists, chemical engineers, and managers in these areas.