Genetically modified crops are the crops whose genetic makeup is changed. The technology enables you to transfer the genome of one organism and allow it to be inserted to another organism. The genetic makeup of an organism specifies its characteristic features. The genetic material of all plants and animals are made of DNA which stands for Deoxyribonucleic Acid. DNA of the organism carries the set of instruction to produce enzymes which carry out the chemical reactions which take place in an organism as a whole. These chemical reactions are numerous and are often interlinked like a complex web. Enzymes are proteins which are important in the biochemical functioning of an organism. DNA also has instructions to produce other proteins which make up the structural features of an organism. For example, the DNA of a plant determines its height, size and shape of leaves, type of flowers, colour of the flower etc. These are visible characters which are cumulatively called as the phenotype.
