Voice and Versification in Translating Poems

Contents




Acknowledgements ..................................................................ix
Introduction ..............................................................................1
The Difficult Task ................................................................10
Hope for Poems ...................................................................16




Part 1: Versification




Chapter 1: Form..........................................................................52
Formal Definitions of Poetry .............................................27
Recent Scholarship in Translation Theory ........................30
Defining Form ...................................................................38
A Few Key Concepts .........................................................44




Chapter 2: Comparative Versification ......................................49
Different Cultures, Different Stages of
Poetry Development in Versification .......................................51
Comparative Versification .......................................................54
Opposing English and French .................................................56
Resisting a Reductive Model of Versification .........................58
Terminology ............................................................................60








Chapter 3: Meter and Language .............................................65
Rhythm and Emotion .............................................................65
Stress Systems ...................................................................... 68
Syllable ..................................................................................73
Stress ......................................................................................76
Accent and Meter ...................................................................86
Metrical Manipulation of Accents .........................................90
Metrical Manipulation of Syllables ......................................101
Rhyme 105
Three Functions ....................................................................111
The Formal Function ........................................................111
The Insistence Function ...................................................112
The Surprise Function .....................................................112
Rhyming and the Poet's Cosmos .........................................113
Evaluating Rhyme ................................................................117
Meaningful Rhyme ..............................................................117
Formal Rhyme .....................................................................118
Hackneyed Rhyme ..............................................................118
Clumsy Rhyme ....................................................................118








Chapter 4: Beyond Metrics ..................................................125
Acoustic Patterning ..............................................................125
Phrasing ................................................................................130
Repetition Proper ..................................................................139
The Orchestration of Rhythmic Elements ............................144




Part 2: Form and Meaning in Poetry Translation




Chapter 5: Theorizing the Translation of Poetry .........................




Chapter 6: Meschonnic's Critique of the Linguistic Sign ...........
Translating Form .........................................................................
Translating a Poem by a Poem ...................................................
Translating Form .........................................................................




Chapter 7: Organic Form and Organic Translation .....................
Ways of Translating ..........................