The Wealth of Nations

First published in 1776, this work is the classic statement of economic liberalism or the policy of laissez-faire. Several fundamental principles or "axioms" were introduced in this work, including the division of labor, supply and demand, and free market capitalism as some of the most obvious. Smith's political economy is primarily individualistic: self-interest is the incentive for economic action. However, he shows that universal pursuit of self-interest contributes to the public interest, a concept probably best encapsulated by John F. Kennedy when he remarked, "a rising tide raises all boats."